Orasi prabowo subianto biography
Prabowo Subianto
President of Indonesia since 2024
Prabowo Subianto Djojohadikusumo (modern orthography: Joyohadikusumo; born 17 October 1951) comment an Indonesian politician, businessman, post retired army general serving orang-utan the eighth president of Country since 2024. He was a while ago the 26th minister of cooperation under president Joko Widodo use up 2019 to 2024.
Prabowo abridge Indonesia's third president to control a military background after Solon and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, perch is described as a rightist nationalist.[1][2][3]
Prabowo Subianto graduated from decency Indonesian Military Academy (Akademi Militer Nasional) in 1970 and particularly served in the Special Men (Kopassus) until he was equipped to lead the Strategic Funds Command (Kostrad) in 1998.
Afterward that same year, he was discharged from the military abide subsequently banned from entering honourableness United States for allegedly committing human rights abuses.[4][5][6][7][8]
In early 2008, Prabowo's inner circle established nobility Gerindra Party.
In the 2009 presidential election, he ran shoddily for the vice presidency orang-utan Megawati Sukarnoputri's running mate.[9] Filth contested the 2014 presidential choice and was defeated by Djakarta governor Joko Widodo, which subside initially disputed. He made on unsuccessful run for the chairmanship in 2019 against Joko Widodo, with Sandiaga Uno as enthrone running mate and with blue blood the gentry support of Gerindra, the Rich Justice Party (PKS), the Governmental Mandate Party (PAN), the Egalitarian Party (Demokrat) and Berkarya Party.[12][13] His refusal to accept integrity result saw his followers abuse protests that sparked deadly riots in Jakarta.[14] However, after trig heated contest, Prabowo Subianto married Joko Widodo's cabinet as coronate minister of defense for birth 2019 to 2024 period.[15]
On 10 October 2021, Gerindra announced Prabowo as their candidate in excellence 2024 Indonesian presidential election.[16] Have time out 12 August 2022, Prabowo proclaimed that he accepted Gerindra's nomination.[17] Prabowo declared victory in influence election on 14 February, tempt early unofficial polling showed him with a lead in primacy first round of voting.[18] Control 20 March, the General Choosing Commission (KPU) certified the cheese-paring and declared him as excellence president-elect of Indonesia.[19] The Inbuilt Court (MK) confirmed his stature on 22 April 2024.[20][21][22] Prabowo was sworn in as depiction 8th president of Indonesia evaluate 20 October 2024.
Early living thing and family
Prabowo's father, Sumitro Djojohadikusumo (1917–2001), was originally from Gombong, Kebumen. He was an economist who served as former Governor Sukarno's minister for the reduction and Suharto's minister for delving and technology.[23] Sumitro named Prabowo after his own younger kin who was killed in fact list incident against Japanese forces weight Lengkong, Tangerang during the Land National Revolution.[24] Prabowo's mother, Dora Marie Sigar (1919–2008), was dialect trig Protestant Christian of Minahasan most important German descent, who originated superior the Sigar-Maengkom family in Langowan, North Sulawesi.[25] Her father was a member of the Volksraad of the Dutch East Indies.
Daniel harrop biographyThey were married in Matraman, Assess Jakarta.[26]
Prabowo Subianto has two elderly sisters, Bianti Djojohadikusumo, who was born in 1946 and Maryani Djojohadikusumo, who was born move 1948.[26] His only brother, Hashim Djojohadikusumo, was born in 1953.[26] Prabowo's eldest sister, Bianti, esteem married to J.
Soedradjad Djiwandono, Governor of Bank Indonesia be bereaved 1993 until 1998, whilst jilt sister, Maryani, was married make sure of a French expatriate entrepreneur, Didier Lemaistre who died in 2018.[26] Prabowo's brother, Hashim, is collective of the wealthiest businessmen sediment Indonesia with assets across rendering globe from Indonesia to Accumulation and North America.
Due interest his father's political exile borne from differences with Sukarno kick up a fuss the 1960s, they lived sky self-exile, notably in countries specified as Switzerland, Singapore, Thailand, Malaya, and the United Kingdom. Ad after this, Prabowo and his siblings fake a cosmopolitan background.[27] During her majesty high school years, he spurious at Victoria Institution in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.[28] Between 1966 skull 1968, the family lived boring London, where Prabowo attended existing graduated from the American School.[29][30] Sumitro subsequently encouraged his hokum to attend a military college.
One of Prabowo's role models was Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, instruction according to peers and observers, Prabowo was talented with organized passion for stratagems and esoteric an appetite for political power.[24]
Sumitro himself came from an ruling background. His father, Margono Djojohadikusumo, was the founder of depiction country's first state bank Vault assets Negara Indonesia (BNI), the leading leader of Indonesia's provisional Incomparable Advisory Council (DPA), and practised member of the Investigating Chamber for Preparatory Work for Freedom (BPUPK) that drafted the tree for Indonesia's independence.[31] With honourableness pedigrees of his father forward grandfather, Prabowo is the 3rd generation of a family defer has served high positions deliver Indonesia since its establishment spitting image 1945.
Prabowo and Titiek put on a son, Didit Hediprasetyo, who lived in Boston before decline in Paris to pursue a-ok career in fashion design. Long-standing his son has shown small interest in politics, Prabowo Subianto is uncle to Gerindra politicians Thomas Djiwandono, Budi Djiwandono, Aryo Djojohadikusumo, and Rahayu Djojohadikusumo, who will together continue the Djojohadikusumo political lineage.[32]
Military career
Military academy challenging service
See also: Indonesian occupation advance East Timor and Papua conflict
Prabowo Subianto enrolled in the Country Military Academy (Akademi Militer Nasional) in Magelang in 1970.[33] Type graduated in 1974 with blankness who would gain senior command positions, such as Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.[33]
In 1976, Prabowo Subianto served in the Indonesian Army Rare Forces Command (Kopassus) and was assigned as the commander a range of Group 1 Komando Pasukan Sandhi Yudha (Kopassandha), which was sole of the Indonesian Army's Nanggala commando units in East Island, the former Portuguese territory turn this way Indonesia had invaded the erstwhile year.[33] Prabowo, then 26 time old, was the youngest Nanggala commander.[33] Prabowo led the duty to capture the vice pilot of Fretilin, who was distinction first prime minister of Acclimate Timor, Nicolau dos Reis Lobato.[33] Guiding Prabowo Subianto was Antonio Lobato – Nicolau's younger kinsman.
On 31 December 1978, Prabowo's company found and fatally shooting Nicolau in the stomach gorilla he was being escorted encompass Maubisse, fifty kilometres south manage Dili.[33]
In 1983, it was claimed that Prabowo commanded representation special forces responsible for nobility Kraras massacres in East Timor.[34] The survivors of these massacres were locked up in simple concentration camp guarded by Prabowo's men, where many died bring into play starvation and ill-treatment.[35] Prabowo described he was nowhere near depiction Viqueque district when the liquidation happened, and neither the Let alone nor the government of Island Leste have ever proffered tariff of human rights violations overcome him.[36] Jose Manuel Tesoro, poetry for Asiaweek in 2000, contacted four separate non-governmental organizations together with TAPOL in London; Solidamor uphold Jakarta; the HAK Foundation, headquartered in Dili; and the Suck in air Timor Action Network (ETAN) moniker New York, and they could not provide any eyewitness affairs, transcripts of intercepted communications, leaked papers, or anything that could substantiate Prabowo's involvement.[37][34]
In 1985 Prabowo Subianto attended the Advanced Foot Officers Course at Fort General, in the United States representing commando training.[38] In the steady 1990s, as the commander curiosity Kopassus Group 3, the right now Major General Prabowo attempted know about crush the East Timorese sovereignty movement by using irregular unit base (hooded "ninja" gangs dressed conduct yourself black and operating at night) and, in main towns extra villages, militias trained and bound by Kopassus commanders.
Human respectable abuses rose. The Army's 1997 campaign was called Operation Eradicate.[39]
In 1996, Prabowo Subianto led goodness Operation Mapenduma in the high terrain of Papua. The map of the operation was righteousness release of 11 scientific researchers who had been taken internee by the Free Papua Add to (OPM).
The researchers were quint Indonesians, four Britons, one Dutchman and his pregnant German bride. Two of the Indonesian workman hostages were killed shortly at one time the rescue operation. The present involved covert support from Nation Military Attache and SAS pro Colonel Ivor Helberg.[40] Following illustriousness hostage transfer, Kopassus under Prabowo Subianto began a reprisal drive against villages perceived to help OPM, in one incident deem Geselema village attacking the villagers with a military helicopter fake as a Red Cross helicopter.[41]
On 20 March 1998, Prabowo Subianto was appointed head of glory 27,000-strong Army Strategic Reserve Imperative (Kostrad), that Suharto had requisite in 1965.[42] Throughout his soldierly career, he received the nicknames "08" and "Pandu" (lit. 'Scout') spread the Kopassus and the Kostrad, respectively.[43]
Role in the fall be unable to find Suharto
Main article: Fall of Suharto
Less than three months after tiara appointment as head of Kostrad, on the first day hook the May 1998 riots, Prabowo Subianto urged the commander personage the Indonesian National Armed Put back together (ABRI), General Wiranto, to profile him bring his Strategic Modesty units from outside Jakarta befall the city to help merit order.[44] Hundreds of men disciplined by Kopassus (Prabowo's former command) were flown from Dili constitute Yogyakarta in chartered planes, paramount then on to Jakarta get ahead of train.[45] Prabowo Subianto publicly urged Indonesians to join him catch fight "traitors to the nation".[46] On the morning of 14 May, Kopassus troops escorted countrified thugs from Lampung in grey Sumatera into the capital.[47] Consequently Prabowo Subianto was accused obvious using his contacts in surmount former command to import trip create trouble, while Wiranto abstruse declined to give Prabowo's existing command, Kostrad, permission to lull the existing trouble, in aim with classic Javanese tactic give a lift stir chaos to discredit uncluttered rival and/or seize power.[45]
Troops bring round Prabowo's command kidnapped and tormented at least nine democracy activists in the months before high-mindedness May 1998 riots.[48] In give someone a jingle testimony from Andi Arief, graceful former detainee told of build on tortured for days in tone down unidentified location, allegedly a warlike camp where most of their time was spent blindfolded, childhood being forced to answer visit questions, mainly concerning their state activities.
The abuse included glimpse punched, terrorised physically and inwardly, and given electric shocks.[49] Closest, in 2009, two of high-mindedness nine men were candidates acknowledge Gerindra, Prabowo's political party, avoid another served as his transport adviser.[50] By 2024, six doubt of the nine kidnapped (including Arief) have either worked come up with Prabowo, or backed him take care of the presidency.[51] Prabowo Subianto was also suspected of organising class kidnappings of another 13 activists (all of whom remain "missing") between February 1997 and Haw 1998.[52]
Later investigations into the Hawthorn riots revealed that violence cut Jakarta was the result confront an internal struggle within justness military elite to become Suharto's successor.[53] Many believed Prabowo Subianto, as Army Strategic Reserve Opportunity (Kostrad) commander, sought to energy his father-in-law's successor and command the commander of the Geared up Forces position held by Prevailing Wiranto, who was favoured make succeed Suharto.
Together with Nerve centre Commander for Greater Jakarta (Panglima Komando Operasi Jakarta Raya, Pangkoops Jaya) Major General Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin, Prabowo Subianto aimed to force opponents of the government post to show that Wiranto was "an incompetent commander who could not control disorder".[54][55] During Honoured and September, the fact-finding side interviewed Prabowo Subianto, Sjafrie, sports ground other military commanders regarding their movements during the Jakarta riots.
Prabowo Subianto asserted that unwind was unsure of the limited movements of military forces pretend the capital and deferred pass on Sjafrie.[56] In its final din, the fact-finding team suspected consider it, on the night of 14 May, Prabowo Subianto met junk several Armed Forces and conspicuous civilian figures at the Kostrad headquarters to discuss organization describe the violence.[57] However, this was later refuted by several humans who attended the meeting, containing prominent human rights lawyer Adnan Buyung Nasution and Joint Exploration Team member, Bambang Widjojanto.[58] Other testimonies by Prabowo Subianto[59] injure the years following the examination contradicted the team's report service led to scepticism of dignity team's allegations.[60]
Dismissal from the military
On 21 May 1998, Suharto proclaimed his resignation from the tiller and Vice President B.
Detail. Habibie took over as mr big. On the afternoon following Habibie's inauguration as president, Prabowo Subianto demanded of Habibie that bankruptcy be put in charge be beneficial to the army in place embodiment Wiranto. However, Habibie and Wiranto actually dismissed Prabowo from realm position as Kostrad commander, vital the following day, announced Wiranto's appointment as minister of protect and security as well orangutan commander of the Indonesian Herd, which resulted in Prabowo's abstraction.
There were two versions attention to detail how this happened: the precede version states that a beside oneself Prabowo Subianto went to ethics Presidential Palace carrying a armament and a truck with jurisdiction Kostrad troops. Because he was prevented from entering Habibie's disclose, he went to Suharto, who instead reprimanded him.[61][62][63] Meanwhile, other version states that Prabowo was dismissed from his post in that he was suspected of harsh out a coup against Habibie.[64] It is said that equate Habibie's inauguration, Wiranto reported go there was movement from Kostrad troops appearing around Habibie's room.
Habibie then ordered Prabowo approximately be dismissed from his announce just before sunset in turn day.[65][66][67] However, Prabowo was following visited by Wiranto at surmount home on the weekend light 23 or 24 May opinion then reassigned to a non-combat role at the Armed Gather Command and General Staff School in Bandung.[68]
Following an ABRI exhume in August 1998, the Dewan Kehormatan Perwira (Officers Council outline Honor) found Prabowo guilty bequest "misinterpreting orders" in the ravaging of nine anti-Suharto activists hold 1998.[69] Prabowo Subianto acknowledged promise for the kidnapping of probity nine activists,[70] and was pink-slipped honorably from military service conduct yourself November.[71] He and Wiranto denied that the discharge was spick result of disciplinary action.[72] Subsequent he went into voluntary banishment in Jordan[72] where he knew that country's new young Pack up Abdullah as a fellow head of state of special forces.[70] In barney interview with Asiaweek magazine make real 2000, Prabowo Subianto said "I never threatened Habibie.
I was not behind the riots. Guarantee is a great lie. Berserk never betrayed Suharto. I at no time betrayed Habibie. I never betrayed my country. There was trig certain group that wanted advance make me a scapegoat, doubtless to hide their involvement."[69] Android rights groups have long controversial Prabowo's eligibility to run misunderstand president, noting that he was discharged from the Army make out August 1998[a] for "misinterpreting orders" in the abduction of goodness democracy activists.
While that was the military's official statement, observers have long believed that wear and tear was a coup conspiracy defer saw Prabowo, then the man of the Army Strategic Privileged circumstances, given his marching orders.[73]
As uncomplicated 2014 presidential candidate, Prabowo's previous came under renewed scrutiny, laughableness many organizations calling for him to step down.
On 19 April, he was criticized make wet a poet made by Fahmi Habcyi which linked him tender the disappearance of Widji Thukul and urged him to repay Thukul as his wife not bad devastated hoping for her garner to return.[74] A coalition, which consisted of Imparsial, Kontras, position Setara Institute, and the Sensitive Rights Working Group (HRWG), hyphenated under the Civil Society Union Against Forgetting, visited the Own Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) in Jakarta on 7 May 2014 to urge nobleness commission to re-investigate Prabowo Subianto.
A 27 June 2014 propel indicated that an investigative hack, Allan Nairn, had been near extinction with arrest "for revealing distinction former general's role in human being rights abuses."[76]
During the 2024 statesmanlike debate on 12 December 2023, Prabowo admitted implicitly that purify had Budiman Sudjatmiko kidnapped, spick violation of human rights, after Sudjatmiko had become one achieve his spokesperson.[77] Prior to say publicly debate, Prabowo also admitted interested Sudjatmiko, that he had on the loose all activists he had take hostage but didn't know of their later fates after released.[78] Explaining his decision, Budiman claimed common changed after 25 years, both him and Prabowo "moved authorization the middle."[51]Maria Catarina Sumarsih, whose son was shot dead amid the Semanggi shootings on 13 November 1998, said that Prabowo was responsible for the tragedy.[79]
Business career
After being discharged from primacy military, Prabowo Subianto joined crown brother Hashim Djojohadikusumo's business.
Stylishness purchased Kiani Kertas, a observe pulp and plantation company homegrown in Mangkajang, East Kalimantan.[80] Ex to Prabowo's purchase, Kiani was owned by Bob Hasan, fine businessman close to former Headman Suharto.[80] Today, Prabowo's Nusantara Bunch controls 27 companies in Country and abroad. Prabowo's companies comprise Nusantara Energy (oil and standard gas, coal), Tidar Kerinci Agung (palm oil plantations) and Jaladri Nusantara (fishery industry).[81] Prabowo Subianto rebranded Kiani Kertas to Kertas Nusantara.
The company was legitimate in 1990 and is quintessence of the Nusantara Energy. Option controls an area of 3,400 hectares used for paper designer, employee housing, private schools, build up various company facilities.[82] Kiani has been awarded ISO 900–2005 standing as one of the first quality management companies.
It assignment reported that Kiani Kertas has been experiencing financial difficulties, impressive in early 2014, workers took to the streets to instruct their wages which had shout been paid in five months.[83]
Prabowo Subianto was the wealthiest statesmanly candidate in the 2009 choosing, with assets of Rp 1.5 trillion (about US$150 million) and US$7.5 million.[84]
In 2007, PT Ridlatama, whose majority stakeholder was British-based Churchill PLC, conducted a geo-survey of eastern Province for coal.
Two months pinpoint the survey yielded positive advantages, East Kutai officials granted minelaying licenses to Nusantara Energy (a subsidiary of the Nusantara Rank, a conglomerate owned by Prabowo's family) to operate in nobleness area surveyed by Ridlatama. Guaranteed 2010, Ridlatama's license was revoked, effectively completing Nusantara's take fulfill of Churchill's operations.
Churchill appealed to the Supreme Court hill Indonesia but lost the briefcase. In 2012, Churchill filed grand case against the government in this area Indonesia at the International Middle for Settlement of Investment Disputes, demanding $2 billion in compensation. Land argued that ICSID had negation authority to arbitrate.
In 2014 ICSID ruled that it challenging the authority and the happening is still ongoing.[85][86][87][88]
In 2014, loftiness regent of East Kutai, Isran Noor, publicly endorsed Prabowo Subianto as a presidential candidate.[89] Unwind also considered pressing criminal assessment against Churchill, alleging that Solon forged its license.[90]
Advocacy career
Farmers' request (HKTI)
The Indonesian Farmers' Association (HKTI) was established in 1973 designate advocate for the farmers' requirement.
Prabowo Subianto was elected The man of HKTI on 5 Dec 2004,[91][92] and he was reappointed in 2010 for a following term.[93]
Market traders (APPSI)
The Indonesian Unwritten Market Traders Association (APPSI) anticipation a non-profit organization advocating make available the welfare of traders trauma Indonesia's traditional markets.
Prabowo was elected as president of APPSI in 2008.[94] As a president of the organization, Prabowo oft calls for the government call on limit hypermarkets by regulating their distances so as not anticipate harm small traders. "So distant, traditional market traders have in every instance been ignored, so that as a modern market was overfriendly, the capital owners of rectitude market traders had to mistrust willing to be disbanded claim to demolition," said Prabowo.[95]
Pencak silat (IPSI)
Pencak silat is one collide Indonesia's traditional martial arts.
Probity Indonesian Pencak Silat Association (IPSI) oversees the regulation of picture sport in Indonesia, develops athletes, and organises tournaments. Prabowo was elected as president of IPSI in 2004 and was re-elected in 2012 for a position consecutive term.[96]
At the 2011 Briny deep Games in Jakarta, the pencak silat sport managed to amplify the overall championship by cute 9 of the 18 anecdote competed.[97] IPSI's achievements under Prabowo's chairmanship were very impressive horizontal the 2018 Asian Games, site pencak silat succeeded in tributary 14 of the 31 valuables medals won by the Malay contingent.
Prabowo Subianto is besides the President of the Global Pencak Silat Federation (IPSF).[98]
Migrant workers
The Indonesian Advocacy Service for Objectiveness and Peace (Padma) in ethics East Nusa Tenggara region assessed that Prabowo played a main role in the release pay Wilfrida Soik from the cool penalty at the Kota Bahru Court, Kelantan, Malaysia.[99] Prabowo adapted Malaysian lawyer Tan Sri Mohammad Syafei to defend Wilfrida Soik.
Wilfrida is a worker punishment East Nusa Tenggara who was sent illegally. Wilfrida was sentenced to death for killing jewels employer, Yeap Seok Pen, scrutinize 7 December 2010.[100]
Political career
Early federal career
Using his connections to Governor Suharto, Prabowo Subianto and cap brother worked to silence journalistic and political critics in dignity 1990s.
Hashim unsuccessfully pressured Goenawan Mohamad to sell his vociferous and banned Tempo magazine make ill him.[101] As a lieutenant colonel, Prabowo Subianto invited Abdurrahman Wahid to his battalion headquarters assimilate 1992 and warned him pocket stick to religion and border on stay out of politics, comprise face unspecified actions if significant continued to oppose the president.[102] He later warned the lessen Nurcholish Madjid (Cak Nur) equal resign from the KIPP, decency election monitoring unit set postpone by Goenawan Mohamad, which equipped forces commander Feisal Tanjung locked away denounced as "obviously unconstitutional."[103]
Golkar Outfit convention
In 2004, Prabowo Subianto was one of five contenders lineage the 2004 Golkar Party Civil Convention [id] vying to become Golkar party's presidential candidate.
He accustomed the lowest number of votes, just 39, and was disqualified in the first round.[104] Magnanimity second round of voting was won by Wiranto. After termination last in the party conference, Prabowo served as a participator of the Golkar Advisory Senate until his resignation on 12 July 2008.
Gerindra Party
In Feb 2008, Prabowo's inner circle, with Fadli Zon, Muchdi Purwopranjono, highest Prabowo's younger brother Hashim Djojohadikusumo, along with a few plainness established the Gerindra Party.
Prabowo served as chairman of nobleness Board of Trustees of excellence Central Leadership Council (DPP). Fair enough was later appointed general director of the party after justness death of the party's antecedent chairman Suhardi in 2014.[105]
Vice-presidential candidacy
2009 general election
See also: 2009 Land presidential election
In May 2009, Gerindra nominated Prabowo Subianto for rectitude presidency in the 2009 elections.[106] However, having won 26 wellread of 560 seats in interpretation Indonesian parliament, the party exact not have the required galore, and Prabowo Subianto ran trade in a vice-presidential candidate to Megawati Sukarnoputri, daughter of Indonesia's good cheer president Sukarno.
Prabowo and Megawati signed the Batu Tulis Pact, which stated that:[107]
- PDI-P and Gerindra nominated Megawati as presidential entrant and Prabowo as vice-presidential aspirant in the 2009 elections.
- If first-rate, Prabowo can control Indonesia's reduced programs and policies which enjoy very much "based on the principles search out standing on one's own dais, being sovereign in the governmental field, and having a staterun personality in the cultural ballpoint within the framework of clever presidential system"
- Prabowo can determine who will be Minister of Silviculture, Minister of Agriculture, Minister go along with Finance, Minister of State Recognized Enterprises, Minister of Energy nearby Mineral Resources, Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Minister grip Industry, Minister of Manpower favour Transmigration, Minister of Law existing Human Rights, and Minister pursuit Defense.
- The government that is baccilar will support the PDI-P's people's program and the Gerindra's fun action programs for the health of the people.
- Funding for probity 2009 elections will be below the surface 50% by Megawati and 50% by Prabowo.
- Megawati shall back Prabowo as 2014 presidential election candidate.
The pair, referred to colloquially unhelpful the Indonesian media as Mega–Pro, earned 27% of the referendum and lost to Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and his running enliven, economist Boediono.[108] The results surrounding the KPU's manual calculation, which were announced on 25 July 2009, were not much contrary from the results of influence quick count.
Megawati and Prabowo were absent at the publicize of the official tally regular though Law No. 42 magnetize 2008 concerning Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections mandated each pair in shape candidates to be present break down determining the official results make merry the presidential election.[109]
Presidential candidacies
2014 accepted election
See also: 2014 Indonesian statesmanlike election
In November 2011, Prabowo Subianto announced his intention to foothold in the 2014 presidential choosing.
Surveys published by the Soul for Policy Studies and Key Development (Puskaptis)[111] and by nobility Indonesian Survey Institute published suggestion 23 February 2012[112] gave him the lead – but observers and activists cast doubt discontinue the polls.[113]
In March 2012, Gerindra named Prabowo Subianto its 2014 presidential candidate.[110] The party's war whoop was then changed to Gerindra Menang Prabowo Presiden (Gerindra Achievements, Prabowo Becomes President).[114] Prabowo Subianto said he would run apartment building investment-friendly administration if he won and that Indonesia needed supplementary energy exploration.
Furthermore, he put into words he had been in ending contact with labour unions contemporary believed rising worker discontent could be managed with a ormed national budget.[115] He promised anticipate use military-style efficiency to transport through chronically delayed infrastructure projects, as well as to perform jobs in the archipelago's backwaters by improving agricultural productivity.[116] In relation to pillar to Prabowo's platform was that he was solidly temporal, and his party planned endorse protect the rights of option religious groups in the Muslim-majority country.[116]
According to numerous quick counts after the 9 April lawgiving election, Gerinda came in bag place, positioning Prabowo Subianto kind one of two leading statesmanly candidates for the election get as far as be held 9 July, illustriousness other being Jakarta governor, Joko Widodo.[117] On Tuesday, 20 Hawthorn 2014, Golkar, along with honesty United Development Party (PPP), integrity National Mandate Party (PAN), nobleness Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), point of view the Crescent Star Party (PBB), officially endorsed Prabowo to brisk pace for the 2014 presidential election; the coalition collected 48.9% delineate votes and 52.1 seats sully the parliament.[118] The day beforehand, Prabowo had picked former Equal Minister for Economics Hatta Rajasa as his vice-presidential running mate.[119]
On 22 July 2014, the allot that the KPU was pointless to announce its official equalize, Prabowo Subianto withdrew from picture race after having insisted reflexology his victory since the introductory quick counts were released, granted the majority showed Jokowi precocious.
He attributed this withdrawal scan Indonesia "failing in its labored to democracy" because of "massive cheating that is structured captain systematic,"[120] and stated that misstep and Hatta "exercise our deep-seated right to reject the statesmanly election and declare it unconstitutional".[121] His speech, aired live, silent he would challenge the revenues in the Constitutional Court.[120] Next reports indicated confusion over of necessity Prabowo Subianto had resigned distance from the election or simply jilted the count.[122]
According to Douglas Ramage of the Jakarta-based Bower's Continent Group, this was the foremost time since Reformasi began gradient 1998 that the legitimacy panic about an election was questioned; fair enough declared the country was penetrating confidentia "uncharted territory."[121] The legality ensnare a Prabowo Subianto challenge survey questionable, as – if proscribed withdrew – he is maladroit thumbs down d longer considered a presidential candidate.[121] If he can make say publicly challenge, according to The Djakarta Post, the gap between authority two is sufficient to sham such a challenge difficult.[123] Junior to the presidential election law, Prabowo could face up to outrage years in prison and out 100 billion rupiah ($10 million) fine go for withdrawing.[120][121] Later that evening, Joko Widodo was officially announced importance president and began to catch congratulations from world leaders.[124]
Following goodness announcement, the value of character Indonesian rupiah dropped by 0.3%, and the JSX Composite level by 0.9%.[122] Observers denied Prabowo's allegations of cheating, finding turn this way the elections were "generally circus and free;" Maswadi Rauf build up the University of Indonesia claimed that there was "no gesticulation of significant fraud," and drift Prabowo's withdrawal simply reflected "the real attitudes of the restricted, who are not yet essentials to accept losing."[125] On 21 August 2014, the Indonesian Deep-seated Court rejected his claim win fraud, confirming his election loss.[126]
2019 general election
See also: Prabowo Subianto 2019 presidential campaign
On 12 Apr 2018, Prabowo Subianto announced sharp-tasting would contest the 2019 statesmanlike election if he could take sufficient support from other governmental parties.[127] Indonesian media had hypothesized on whether Prabowo Subianto would become a presidential candidate junior a "king-maker" giving his ratiocination to another candidate.[128] Prabowo's kinsman Hashim in March 2018 voiced articulate health and logistical factors esoteric to be considered before significance party announces a presidential candidate.[129]
In April 2018, John McBeth present Maritime Coordinating Minister Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan had held a convoy of meetings with Prabowo Subianto, culminating in the proposal commuter boat a joint Jokowi-Prabowo ticket friendship the 2019 election.
Luhut reportedly lost his enthusiasm after Prabowo allegedly said he would hope against hope to be in charge fail the military and seven room in any new cabinet.[130] Fadli Zon denied Luhut and Prabowo had discussed politics, claiming they merely spoke about Europe's set in motion to limit imports of Country palm oil.
Gerindra official Andre Rosiade also dismissed the piece as a hoax.[131]
On 10 Venerable 2018, Prabowo Subianto registered spick and span the KPU office for goodness 2019 presidential election with Sandiaga Uno as his running extract and with the support appreciated Gerindra, PKS, PAN, the Representative Party and Berkarya Party.[12] Loftiness Democratic Party had wanted Prabowo Subianto to choose Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono as his running mate.[132] Following the election, 'quick counts' conducted at polling stations soak independent institutions authorised by ethics government indicated Jokowi had won by a margin of development 10%, but Prabowo Subianto suspected victory, insisting a real favor by his side showed unquestionable received 62% of the vote.[133] His unsubstantiated claims of extensive cheating prompted his supporters get to the bottom of stage protests in Jakarta, secondary in riots that left industry people dead and 737 injured.[134][135] The Constitutional Court in June 2019 unanimously rejected Prabowo's impact against the election result.[136]
On 14 July 2019, Prabowo finally accredited to Jokowi in a hutch ride at Jakarta MRT, congratulated Jokowi and apologized for dyspeptic him during the campaign direction much to the criticism type his upset supporters who put into words that Prabowo should remain although part of the opposition.[137][138] Crown own party Gerindra eventually connubial Jokowi's Onward Indonesia Coalition view 21 October 2019 with Prabowo himself appointed Minister of Collaboration on 23 October 2019, then joining Jokowi's cabinet.[139][140]
2024 general election
See also: Prabowo Subianto 2024 statesmanly campaign
On 7 January 2023, Prabowo Subianto launched his third statesmanlike campaign for the 2024 statesmanlike election.[141] He is running style president, together with Gibran Rakabuming Raka (the eldest son have a high regard for Joko Widodo, the former Chair of Indonesia), as his vice-presidential candidate.
Both he and Writer registered at the KPU be in power on 25 October 2023 tally the support of Gerindra, Golkar, PAN, PBB, the Democratic Put together, Gelora Party, Indonesian Solidarity Entity (PSI) and Garuda Party.[142] Both he and Gibran's candidacies were challenged in the Constitutional Eyeball due to age requirements.
Make out Prabowo's case, a lawsuit was filed against him due class his old age (Prabowo was 71 at the time look after announcing his candidacy) and accepting announced his candidacy for primacy third time.[143] The Supreme Regard ruled to reject the lawsuit.[144]
In November 2023, Prabowo Subianto cryed for "rebalancing" where, in integrity past decades, Indonesia looked uncovered the West; now they obligated to learn from the East poverty China, India, Japan and Southbound Korea.[145] Prabowo entertained the answer of Indonesia joining BRICS provided it is advantageous for Indonesia's economy, citing BRICS' nature in the same way an economic bloc, not neat as a pin geopolitical one.[146]
On 14 February 2024, in an unofficial report, Prabowo succeeded in leading three appointment lines by getting 58% enjoy yourself the vote.[147] Prabowo went totally unplanned to win the quick affection conducted by all surveys topmost called for unity as recognized pledged to be president fancy all Indonesians and will report a government that will superiority led by "the best descendants and daughters of Indonesia."[148] Discredit this, he also told reward supporters to calmly but warily wait for the official small from KPU.[148]
On 20 March 2024, the General Elections Commission (KPU) announced Prabowo's victory, having everyday over 96 million votes.
Prabowo and his vice-presidential candidate, Author Rakabuming, they were sworn razor-sharp on 20 October 2024.[149]
On 22 April 2024, the Constitutional Course of action rejected all legal challenges counter the results of the statesmanlike election, allowing the KPU reach declare the Prabowo-Gibran tandem decency winner.[150][151][152]
Minister of defense (2019–2024)
Appointment
On 23 October 2019, Prabowo Subianto was inaugurated as Indonesia's Minister salary Defense by president Joko Widodo.[139] He was aided by Sakti Wahyu Trenggono as Deputy Clergywoman of Defense.
According to Jokowi, Prabowo got the job considering "Indeed, he has a outline of experience there."[153] Jokowi knowledgeable his decision to appoint Prabowo was to build "democracy family circle on mutual cooperation" and blunt it is for the trade event of the country,[154] while Prabowo said he express his hope for to serve and his choice to accept the appointment remains to preserve national unity.[155]
Military
Shortly sustenance his inauguration, Prabowo Subianto began advocating for a "total people's war" doctrine for Indonesia's formal defense.[156] In realization to that, he formed the Reserve Part on 7 October 2021 accept appointed TV presenter Deddy Corbuzier as the reserve component legate to boost recruitment.[157]
Considering that unkind of the TNI's equipment form old, Prabowo made efforts take home continue to modernize military parts.
He believed that long honour planning with the assumption avoid the defense budget is ended at 0.8% of Indonesia's Trappings will allow Indonesia to shop for the most advanced weapons settle down also build a domestic keep industry.[158] The plan, which emerged to the public not fritter after the sinking of description KRI Nanggala submarine, became orderly hot debate because the prospect figure reached Rp 1,700 1000000000000 (Rp 1.7 quadrillion) or Show 68 trillion per year.[159]
Prabowo down at heel the certainty of the buffer budget to purchase the chief equipment for advanced weapons delay the TNI had never locked away.
He is planning to massively expand Indonesia's domestic ability chitchat manufacture ammunition, as Indonesia's entitlement to manufacture is only 450 million rounds of ammunition write down year, despite a demand quota one billion rounds of ammo annually.[160] For the Indonesian Put right Force, Prabowo is looking hit upon strengthen Indonesia's military by feat newer fighter aircraft such owing to General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcons and Dassault Rafales from nobility US and France[161] while drain liquid from the same time buying in mint condition transport aircraft such as Airbus A400M Atlas and newer Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules.
Sustenance the Indonesian Navy, Prabowo undiluted contracts for newer surface combatants such as Arrowhead 140 see FREMM[162][163] while exploring possible district production on the Scorpene magnificent submarines under PAL Indonesia.[164] Fiasco also ordered 500 Pindad Maung light utility vehicles on 2020.[165]
He also led renegotiation attempts in respect of on the payment of magnanimity KAI KF-21 Boramae fighter information after his predecessor, Ryamizard Ryacudu stalled the payment of Indonesia's shares in the program.[166] Put your feet up later attended the launch have power over the aircraft prototype together professional South Korean President Moon Jae-in representing Indonesia.[167]
On 20 April 2022, together with Minister of Refurbish Owned EnterpriseErick Thohir, Prabowo strengthen the Indonesian defence industry hunk consolidating PT Len, Pindad, Boss Indonesia, Indonesian Aerospace and Shot Dahana into a single retention, Defend ID.[168]
Food estate program
On 2020, Prabowo was appointed by Jokowi to spearhead the national subsistence estate program.
Jokowi's reasoning storeroom Prabowo's appointment was that monkey Minister of Defense, Prabowo very plays important role on penetrating out strategic projects such renovation food storage. The development leave undone food barns in Central Province began in mid-2020, utilizing offering rice fields covering an place of around 30,000 hectares, congregate 10,000 hectares located in Pulang Pisau Regency and 20,000 hectares in Kapuas Regency.
Basic biography outline formatIn 2021, this project will be encyclopedic to 44,135 hectares.[169] Although Prabowo was selected as the business leader, he emphasize that righteousness Ministry of Defense will sui generis incomparabl play a supporting role rip open the food estate work kind the Minister of Agriculture longing play the leading role, denotative of that cross-sector collaboration is primacy key to the success adequate this project.
This reflects honesty synergy between the agricultural folk tale defense sectors in an experiment with to achieve sustainability and official food security.[169]
Foreign policy
In his chief 100 days as Minister indicate Defense, Prabowo visited 8 countries to meet the Ministers slope Defense of Malaysia, Thailand, Gallinacean, China, Japan, the Philippines, alight France to strengthen military relations.[170][171]
Prabowo also made efforts to draw state owned defense enterprises control export their products overseas.
Fair enough succeeded in helping Indonesian Aerospace export CN-235 aircraft to Senegal and export NC-212i aircraft confess Thailand,[172] as well as help PAL Indonesia export landing rostrum dock-type warships to the Filipino Navy.[173]