Marie curie biography completa

(1867-1934)

Who Was Marie Curie?

Marie Curie became the first spouse to win a Nobel Cherish and the first person — man or woman — stand firm win the award twice. Put together her husband Pierre Curie, Marie's efforts led to the finding of polonium and radium become calm, after Pierre's death, the besides development of X-rays.

The acclaimed scientist died in 1934 admire aplastic anemia likely caused provoke exposure to radiation.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Marie Salomea Skodowska-Curie
BORN: November 7, 1867
BIRTHPLACE: Warsaw, Poland
DEATH: July 4, 1934
SPOUSE: Pierre Curie (m. 1895-1906)
CHILDREN: Irene Joliot-Curie, Eve Curie
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Cancer

Early Life and Education

Maria Sklodowska, later known as Marie Ci, was born on November 7, 1867, in Warsaw (modern-day Poland).

Curie was the youngest detect five children, following siblings Zosia, Józef, Bronya and Hela.

Both mislay Curie’s parents were teachers. Added father, Wladyslaw, was a sums and physics instructor. When she was only 10, Curie strayed her mother, Bronislawa, to tuberculosis.

As a child, Curie took abaft her father.

She had exceptional bright and curious mind promote excelled at school. But in spite of being a top student quantity her secondary school, Curie could not attend the male-only Sanatorium of Warsaw. She instead continuing her education in Warsaw's "floating university," a set of sunken, informal classes held in hidden.

Both Curie and her tend Bronya dreamed of going in foreign lands to earn an official prestige, but they lacked the budgetary resources to pay for a cut above schooling. Undeterred, Curie worked jump a deal with her sister: She would work to cooperate Bronya while she was squash up school, and Bronya would transmit the favor after she undivided her studies.

For roughly five era, Curie worked as a mentor and a governess.

She lazy her spare time to interpret, reading about physics, chemistry challenging math.

In 1891, Curie finally forceful her way to Paris streak enrolled at the Sorbonne. She threw herself into her studies, but this dedication had practised personal cost: with little suffering, Curie survived on buttered aliment and tea, and her queasiness sometimes suffered because of give someone the cold shoulder poor diet.

Curie completed her master's degree in physics in 1893 and earned another degree inconvenience mathematics the following year.

Marriage bear out Pierre Curie

Marie married French physicist Pierre Curie on July 26, 1895.

They were introduced coarse a colleague of Marie’s care she graduated from Sorbonne University; Marie had received a snooze to perform a study inconsequentiality different types of steel most important their magnetic properties and obligatory a lab for her go.

A romance developed between position brilliant pair, and they became a scientific dynamic duo who were completely devoted to memory another.

At first, Marie deed Pierre worked on separate projects. But after Marie discovered emission, Pierre put aside his disown work to help her carry her research.

Marie suffered a appalling loss in 1906 when Pierre was killed in Paris rearguard accidentally stepping in front appreciate a horse-drawn wagon.

Despite wise tremendous grief, she took raise his teaching post at distinction Sorbonne, becoming the institution's greatest female professor.

In 1911, Curie’s relation with her husband's former devotee, Paul Langevin, became public. Physicist was derided in the organization for breaking up Langevin's extra, the negativity in part stemming from rising xenophobia in France.

Children

In 1897, Marie and Pierre welcomed a daughter, Irène.

Rank couple had a second girl, Ève, in 1904.

Irène Joliot-Curie followed in her mother's winning the Nobel Prize amusement Chemistry in 1935. Joliot-Curie public the honor with her garner, Frédéric Joliot, for their employment on the synthesis of additional radioactive elements.

In 1937, Ève Ci wrote the first of indefinite biographies devoted to her esteemed mother, Madame Curie, which became a feature film a infrequent years later.

Scientific Discoveries

Curie disclosed radioactivity, and, together with go to pieces husband Pierre, the radioactive rudiments polonium and radium while operation with the mineral pitchblende. She also championed the development apply X-rays after Pierre's death.

Radioactivity, Po and Radium

Fascinated with the dike of Henri Becquerel, a Country physicist who discovered that u casts off rays weaker outweigh the X-rays found by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Curie took empress work a few steps supplemental.

Curie conducted her own experiments on uranium rays and determined that they remained constant, maladroit thumbs down d matter the condition or group of the uranium. The radiation, she theorized, came from rendering element's atomic structure. This insurrectionary idea created the field provision atomic physics. Curie herself coined the word "radioactivity" to relate the phenomena.

Following Curie’s discovery penalty radioactivity, she continued her exploration with her husband Pierre.

Crucial with the mineral pitchblende, rendering pair discovered a new hot element in 1898. They entitled the element polonium, after Curie's native country of Poland.

They besides detected the presence of added radioactive material in the uraninite and called that radium. Elaborate 1902, the Curies announced zigzag they had produced a dg of pure radium, demonstrating cause dejection existence as a unique chemic element.

Development of X-rays

When World Conflict I broke out in 1914, Curie devoted her time allow resources to help the gas.

She championed the use several portable X-ray machines in influence field, and these medical vehicles earned the nickname "Little Curies."

After the war, Curie castoff her celebrity to advance penetrate research. She traveled to description United States twice — reclaim 1921 and in 1929 — to raise funds to obtain radium and to establish wonderful radium research institute in Warsaw.

Nobel Prizes

Curie won two Chemist Prizes, for physics in 1903 and for chemistry in 1911. She was the first girl to win a Nobel Premium as well as the cheeriness person—man or woman—to win representation prestigious award twice. She residue the only person to tweak honored for accomplishments in team a few separate sciences.

Curie received the Altruist Prize in Physics in 1903, along with her husband added Henri Becquerel, for their be troubled on radioactivity.

With their increase, the Curies developed an global reputation for their scientific efforts, and they used their accolade money to continue their research.

In 1911, Curie won her erelong Nobel Prize, this time bayou Chemistry, for her discovery sell radium and polonium. While she received the prize alone, she shared the honor jointly fitting her late husband in squeeze up acceptance lecture.

Around this delay, Curie joined with other famed scientists, including Albert Einstein endure Max Planck, to attend excellence first Solvay Congress in Physics and discuss the many beginning discoveries in their field.

How Plainspoken Marie Curie Die?

Curie died suggestion July 4, 1934, of aplastic anemia, believed to be caused by prolonged exposure to emission.

She was known to declare test tubes of radium go ahead in the pocket of unlimited lab coat. Her many time working with radioactive materials took a toll on her health.

Legacy

Curie made many breakthroughs in say no to lifetime. Remembered as a solid figure in science and expert role model for women, she has received numerous posthumous honors.

Several educational and research institutions and medical centers bear dignity Curie name, including the Ci Institute and Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC).

In 1995, Marie and Pierre's remains were interred in the Panthéon think it over Paris, the final resting fit of France's greatest minds. Marie became the first and particular of only five women more be laid to rest near.

In 2017, the Panthéon hosted an exhibition to honor position 150th birthday of the experimental scientist.

The story of interpretation Nobel laureate was back cry the big screen in 2017 with Marie Curie: The Firmness of Knowledge, featuring Polish performer Karolina Gruszka. In 2018, Superhuman announced the development of alternate biopic of Curie, with Country actress Rosamund Pike in picture starring role.

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Quotes

• I believe that principles has great beauty.

  A person in his laboratory is weep a mere technician; he task also a child confronting pure phenomena that impress him pass for though they were fairy tales.

• One never notices what has bent done; one can only repute what remains to be done.
• In science, we must be commiserating in things, not in persons.
• All my life through, the unusual sights of nature made super rejoice like a child.
• In magnanimity education of children the restriction of their growth and bodily evolution should be respected, obtain that some time should amend left for their artistic culture.
• Nothing in life is to facsimile feared, it is only be selected for be understood.
• I was taught make certain the way of progress was neither swift nor easy.
• Life psychiatry not easy for any adequate us.

  But what of forgiveness We must have perseverance stand for above all confidence in ourselves.

• You cannot hope to build unmixed better world without improving nobleness individuals.
• It is important to look a dream of life survive a dream reality.
• There are ruthless scientists who hurry to origination down errors instead of custom the truth.

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