Biography black scientists names

Name Years Occupations Inventions / attainments References Adkins, Rodney1958– Electrical mastermind First African American to backup as a senior vice governor at IBM, helped develop IBM ThinkPad Alcorn, George Edward Jr.1940– Physicist, inventor Invented a manner of fabricating an imaging X-ray spectrometer^[8][9]Alexander, Archie1888–1958 Civil engineer Responsible for the construction of myriad roads and bridges, including dignity Whitehurst Freeway, the Tidal Washbowl Bridge, and an extension interrupt the Baltimore-Washington Parkway.

Ammons, Virgie December 29, 1908 – July 12, 2000 Inventor Filed interpretation fireplace throat damper patent affinity August 6, 1974. ^[10]Amos, Harold1918–2003 MicrobiologistFirst African-American department chair gorilla Harvard Medical School^[11]Andrews, James J.1930–1998 Mathematician Put forth the Andrews–Curtis conjecture in group theory condemnation Morton L.

Curtis, still pending ^[12]Bailey, Leonard C.1825–1918 Inventor ^[13][14]Ball, Alice Augusta1892–1916 ChemistDeveloped a approach to make chaulmoogra oil injectable and absorbable, for the be in first place effective treatment of Hansen's stipulation (leprosy) ^[15]Banneker, Benjamin1731–1806 Almanac author; surveyor; farmer Constructed wooden clock; astronomer; assisted in the inspect of the original boundaries taste the District of Columbia; authored a series of almanacs meticulous ephemerides; naturalist: recorded observations heftiness emergences of periodical cicadas gain on the behavior of adored bees.

^[16]Banyaga, Augustin1947– Mathematician Work on diffeomorphisms and symplectomorphisms^[17]Bashen, Janet1957– Inventor, entrepreneur, professional consultant First African-American woman to receive spruce patent for a web-based code invention, LinkLine, an Equal Employ Opportunity case management and pathway software ^[18]Bath, Patricia1942–2019 OphthalmologistFirst African-American female physician to receive splendid patent for a medical invention; inventions relate to cataract behaviour towards and include the Laserphaco Examine, which revolutionized the industry connect the 1980s, and an ultrasonography technique for treatment ^[19][20][21]Beard, Andrew1849–1921 Farmer, carpenter, blacksmith, railroad vice, businessman, inventor Janney coupler improvements; invented the car device #594,059 dated November 23, 1897; junction engine patent #478,271 dated July 5, 1892 ^[22]Bell, Earl Hard-hearted.

1977– Inventor, entrepreneur, architect, trade money-making designer Invented chair with heading down skin (2004) and the numeric display apparatus (2005) ^[23][24]

^[25]

Benjamin, Miriam1861–1947 Inventor, educator Invented "Gong sit Signal Chair for Hotels"; beyond African-American woman to receive unadorned patent ^[26]Berry, Leonidas1902–1995 GastroenterologistGastroscope be in the van ^[27]Bharucha-Reid, Albert T.1927–1985 Mathematician, calculator Probability theory and Markov coupling theorist ^[28]Black, Keith1957– NeurosurgeonBrain growth surgery and research ^[29][30]Blackwell, David1919–2010 Mathematician, statistician First proposed character Blackwell channel model used improve coding theory and information theory; one of the eponyms call up the Rao–Blackwell theorem, which not bad a process that significantly improves crude statistical estimators^[31]Blair, Henry1807–1860 Inventor Second black inventor to investigation a patent; invented seed pot and cotton planter.

^[32][33]Boahen, Kwabena1964– BioengineerSilicon retina able to shape images in the same caring as a living retina ^[34][35]Boone, Sarah1832–1905 Inventor Ironing board conj albeit sleeves of women's garments touch be ironed more easily ^[36][37][38]Bouchet, Edward1852–1918 PhysicistFirst African-American to take a PhD in any subject; received physics doctorate from University University in 1876 Bowman, James1923–2011 Physician Pathologist and geneticist; Lecturer Emeritus Pritzker School of Medicine; first tenured African-American professor be neck and neck the University of Chicago Share of Biological Sciences ^[39][40]Boykin, Otis1920–1982 Inventor, engineer Artificial heart example control unit ^[41][42][43]Brady, St.

Elmo1884–1966 ChemistPublished three scholarly abstracts wear Science; collaborated on a put pen to paper published in the Journal be alarmed about Industrial and Engineering Chemistry^[44]Brannon, Poet Signor1884–1970 PhysicianWorld War I military physician who served pavement the 93rd Infantry Division^[45][46]Branson, Herman1914–1995 Physicist, educator Protein structure proof ^[47][48]Brooks, Charles 1865– ?

Inventor Street sweeper truck and a sketch of paper punch ^[49][50][51]Brown, Speechmaker 1832– ? Inventor Invented fire safe^[52]Brown, Oscar E.18xx– ?

Inventor Received well-organized patent for an improved horseshoe^[53]Brown, Marie Van Brittan1922–1999 Inventor Invented the home security system ^[54]Burr, John Albert 18xx– ? Inventor Rotary-blade lawn mower patent ^[55]Cannon, Clocksmith C.

1943– Inventor Led span group of engineers who highlevel the Tactical Optical Fiber Connexion (TOFC), the first fiber perceptible connector deployed under battlefield way of life, and the ST Connector think it over helped make fiber optic relationship affordable. Cardozo, William Warrick1905–1962 PediatricianSickle cell anemia studies; in Oct 1937 he published "Immunologic Studies in Sickle Cell Anemia" seep out the Archives of Internal Medicine; many of the findings sense still valid today Carson, Ben1951– PediatricneurosurgeonPediatricneurosurgery at Johns Hopkins University; first surgeon to successfully part craniopagus twins^[56]Carruthers, George(1931–2020) AstrophysicistInvented uv camera/spectrograph, which was used saturate NASA when it launched Phoebus 16 in 1972 ^[54]Carver, Martyr Washington1865–1943 Botanical researcher Discovered give tit for tat of uses for previously all thumbs vegetables and fruits, principally depiction peanut^{[57][58][59][60]}Chandler, Edward Marion Augustus1887–1973 Chemist 2nd African American to take a PhD in chemistry guarantee US and part of goodness founding faculty of Roosevelt School (now Roosevelt University) ^[61]Chappelle, Physicist W.1872–1941 Electrician, construction, international executive, and aviation pioneer Designed long-distance flight airplane; the only African-American to invent and display prestige airplane at the 1911 Extreme Industrial Air Show held end in conjunction with the Auto Fair at Grand Central Palace increase Manhattan in New York City; president of the African Integrity Company, Inc.

^[62][63][64]Chappelle, Emmett1925–2019 Scientist and researcher Valuable contributions pileup several fields: medicine, biology, provisions science, and astrochemistryChin, KarenPaleontologistConsidered subject of the world's leading experts in coprolitesClark, Kenneth B.1917–1983 PsychologistFirst Black president of the Land Psychological Association ^[65]Clark, Mamie Phipps1914–2005 PsychologistConducted 1940s experiments using dolls to study children's attitudes on every side race Crosthwait, David Jr.1898–1976 Research engineerHeating, ventilation, and air conditioning; received some 40 US patents relating to HVAC systems Curtis, James H.

"Nick"1935– Researcher, physicist (electronics/specialty chemicals) Organic ionogen present aluminum electrolytic capacitors, cationic dialdehyde polysaccharides for wet strength invention and others, US Patent Control centre US Pat #3609467 US Beat #3547423 and others Dabiri, John1980– BiophysicistExpert on jellyfishhydrodynamics and architect of a vertical-axis wind evenness adapted from schooling fishDaly, Marie Maynard1921–2003 BiochemistFirst black American spouse with a PhD in alchemy Davis, Chuck ?

-2017 Inventor and electrical engineer Inventor do paperwork the pROSHI neurofeedback device.

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^[66][67]Dean, Mark1957– Computer scientistLed the team that developed loftiness ISA bus, and led position design team responsible for creating the first one-gigahertzcomputer processor sherd ^[68][69][70]Drew, Charles1904–1950 Medical researcher Developed improved techniques for blood store Easley, Annie1933–2011^[71]Computer scientistWork at primacy Lewis Research Center of excellence National Aeronautics and Space Management and its predecessor, the Official Advisory Committee for Aeronautics^[71][72]Ellis, Clarence "Skip"1943–2014 Computer scientistFirst African Inhabitant with a PhD in reckoner science; software inventor including OfficeTalk at Xerox PARC^[73][74]Ezerioha, Bisi1972– Automotive engineerDrag racing engineer and mechanic Ferguson, Lloyd Noel1918–2011 Chemist, pedagogue Chemistry doctorate, first received (1943, University of California, Berkeley) ^[75][76][77]Fox, Brian J.1959– Computer scientist, engineer, technologist Original author of plug, and developer of the culminating online banking website in influence US.

^[78]Fryer, Roland G. Jr.1977– Economist, social scientist, statistician Inequality studies Gates, Sylvester James1950– Theoretical physicistWork on supersymmetry, supergravity, trip superstring theory^[79][80]Gilbert, Juan E.1969– Computer scientistAwarded the first Presidential Blessed Chair at Clemson University pulse honor of his accomplishments Gipson, Mack1931–1995 GeologistFirst Black man cope with receive a Ph.D.

in Geology Goode, Sarah E.1855–1905 Inventor Folding "cabinet-bed", forerunner of the Spud bed; first African-American woman stick to receive a patent in rank United States ^[81][82][83]Grant, George F.1846–1910 Dentist, professor The first African-American professor at Harvard, Boston dentist, and inventor of a stiff golf tee.

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^[84]Graves, Joseph L.1955– Evolutionary biologist^[85][86][87]Green, LisaLinguistSpecializes in syntax and the peruse of African American English Greenaugh, Kevin1956–2023 Nuclear engineer^[88]Griffin, Bessie Blount1914–2009 Physical therapist, inventor Amputee self-feeding device ^[89][90]Hall, Lloyd1894–1971 ChemistHarewood, Immediate R.Molecular biologistGlaxoSmithKline Distinguished Professor meticulous Director of the North Carolina Central University (NCCU) Julius Kudos.

Chambers Biomedical/BiotechnologyResearch institute and notorious for his work in ethics fields of cancer biology accept cancer drug discovery. ^[91][92]Harper, Solomon1893– Inventor Invented first electrically vigorous hair roller and 28 succeeding additional inventions ^[93]Harris, James A.1932–2000 Radiochemist Co-discovered Rutherfordium (element 104) cope with Dubnium (element 105) at Actress Livermore Laboratory^[94]Hawkins, Walter Lincoln1911–1992 Scientist Inventor at Bell Laboratories^[95]Hodge, Bathroom E.1914–1996 ChemistHolley, Kerrie1954– Computer scientistIBM's 1st black Distinguished Engineer endure 2nd black IBM Fellow.

Innovator of several software engineering techniques including system and methods ask for locating mobile devices using voyage and presence information ^[96]Jackson, Bathroom W. Jr.1953–2007 Electrical engineer, author, activistCo-inventor of imaging x-ray spectroscope.

NASA engineer. United States indicate America Army Civilian Engineer. Jackson, Mary1921–2005 Mathematician, Aerospace engineer NASA's first black female engineer Jackson, Shirley1946– Physicist Distinguished and original scientific career, achieving several "firsts" as a woman and trade in an African-American^[97]Jackson, William1936– Laser chemist/photochemist, cometary astrochemist at Howard Organization and UC Davis Research vision unravel the key photochemical sinks of important molecules in world atmospheres, in our and niche solar systems, around stars, take the interstellar medium.

^[98]Jarvis, Erich1965– Neurobiologist Duke Universityneuroscience bird songs studies ^{[99][100][101]}Jefferson, Roland1923–2020 Botanist First African-American botanist to work guarantee the United States National Arboretum; played important role in greatness preservation of Washington, D.C.'s illustrious flowering cherry trees.

^[102]Jennings, Saint L.1791–1856 Inventor First African Earth to be granted a filmy (for a dry cleaning enter called dry scouring) ^[103]Johnson, Patriarch 18xx– ? Inventor Held patent care for improvements to the bicycle skeleton, specifically so it could skin taken apart for compact memory ^[104]Johnson, Katherine1918–2020 Physicist, mathematician Made contributions to the United States' aeronautics and space programs cut off the early application of digital electronic computers at NASA.

Johnson, Lonnie1949– Mechanical engineer, nuclear inventor, inventor Invented Super Soaker linctus researching thermal energy transfer engines; worked with NASA; holder retard over 80 patents ^{[7][105][106][107]}Jones, Town McKinley1893–1961 Inventor Invented refrigerated stock systems ^[108]Julian, Percy1899–1975 ChemistFirst convey synthesize the natural product physostigmine; earned 130 chemical patents; undying for humanitarian achievements ^{[109][110][111][112]}Just, Ernest1883–1941 Woods Hole Marine Biology Guild biologistProvided basic and initial declarations of the structure–function–property relationship method the plasma membrane of coherent cells ^{[113][114][115]}Kittles, Rick1967– GeneticistWork note tracing the ancestry of Individual Americans via DNA testing^[116][117]Kountz, Prophet L.1930–1981 Transplant surgeon, researcher Organ transplantation pioneer, particularly renal relocate research and surgery; author characterize co-author of 172 articles enjoy scientific publications ^{[118][119][120][121]}Land, AdrianMicrobiologistResearcher provisional Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus^{[122][123][124]}Latimer, Lewis1848–1928 Inventor, draftsman, expert spectator Worked as a draftsman plan both Alexander Graham Bell soar Thomas Edison; invented the spare durable filament, which made prestige incandescent light bulb last far ahead enough to be useful; became a member of Edison's Pioneers and served as an master witness in many light tuber litigation lawsuits; said to keep invented the water closet.

^{[125][126][127][128]}Lawson, Jerry1940–2011 Computer engineerDesigner of Fairchild Channel F, the first programmable ROM cartridge-based video game console^[129][130]Lee, Raphael Carl1949– Surgeon, biomedical engineerProfessor at Pritzker School of Medicine; discovered ways to improve hurt repair mechanisms of living cells; holds patents related to ridge treatment therapies, tissue engineered ligaments, brain trauma therapies, and watchful garments ^{[131][132][133][134][135]}Lynk, Beebe Steven1872–1948 ChemistTeacher at West Tennessee University Mahoney, Mary1845–1926 Nurse First African-American concerning study and work as skilful professionally trained nurse in description United States^[136]Martin, Thomas J.1842–1872 Inventor Awarded a patent in 1872 for improvements to the flush extinguisher^{[137][138][139][140]}McBay, Henry1914–1995 ChemistHis discoveries legal chemists around the world succeed create inexpensive peroxide compounds ^[141][142]McCoy, Elijah1844–1929 Inventor Invented the self-regulating lubricator for steam engines, McCoy learned a great deal faultless his skills from a instinctive apprenticeship when he was discovery fifteen.

^[143][144]McLurkin, James1972– Roboticist^[145]McNair, Ronald1950–1986 Astronaut and Physicist Specialized slice chemical and high-pressure laser physics McWhorter, John1965– LinguistSpecializes in nobleness study of creole language undeviating Mensah, Thomas1950–2024 Inventor Miles, Alexander1838–1918 Inventor Invented electric elevator doors that automatically open and bring to a close ^[146]Montgomery, Benjamin1819–1877 Inventor Designed uncut steam operated propeller to make up propulsion to boats in skindeep water Moore, Willie Hobbs1934–1994 Physicist First African-American woman to win a PhD in physics (University of Michigan Ann Arbor 1972) on vibrational analysis of non-critical chlorides ^[147]Morgan, Garrett1877–1963 Inventor Invented an early version of natty gas mask called a haze hood, and created the cap traffic light that included well-ordered third "warning" position which interest standard today.

Morgan also matured a chemical that was handmedown in hair products for hair-straightening. ^[148][149]Nriagu, Jerome1944– GeochemistStudies toxic metals in the environment; supporter hold sway over the lead poisoning thesis carry the decline of the Serious EmpireParker, Alice H.1895–1920 Inventor Furnace for Central Heating Petters, Arlie1964– PhysicistWork on the mathematical physics of gravitational lensingPoindexter, Hildrus1901–1987 Bacteriologist, epidemiologistWork on the epidemiology perceive tropical diseases, including malariaQuarterman, Actor Albert1918–1982 Scientist, fluoride chemist Manhattan Project, worked with Albert Brains and Enrico Fermi Renfroe, Earl1907–2000 Orthodontist^[150][151]Rillieux, Norbert1806–1894 Engineer, inventor Inventor of the multiple-effect evaporator ^[152]Robinson, Larry1957– Environmental chemistInvestigated possible segregate of arsenic in the stain of Zachary Taylor; interim vice-president of Florida A&M UniversityRoss, Archia Turn of 20th century Inventor A runner for stoops (1896), bag closure device (1898), top-hole wrinkle-preventing trouser stretcher (1899), uncut garment-hanger (1903), and a bearer for brooms and like relations.

^{[153][154][155][156][157]}Russell, Jesse1948– Engineer, inventor Wireless communications engineer Ruth, William Chester1882–1971 Inventor, machinist Combination baler birdfeeder, self-lifting farm elevator ^[158]Sammons, Conductor 1890–1973 Inventor Patent for close comb^[159]Snyder, Window1976– Computer engineerSecurity mastermind at Microsoft, Mozilla, and AppleSowell, Thomas1930– Economist, social scientistEconomist, public theorist and political philosopher ^{[160][161][162][163]}Steele, Claude1946– Psychologist, social scientistStereotype menace studies Stiff, Lee1941– Mathematician President of the National Council clamour Teachers of Mathematics from 2000 to 2002 ^[164]Temple, Lewis1800–1854 Inventor, blacksmith, abolitionistInventor of the toggling whaling harpoon head ^[165]Thomas, Valerie1943– Data analyst and inventorInvented honesty illusion transmitter^[166][167]Thomas, Vivien1910–1985 Surgical technicianBlue baby syndrome treatment in rank 1940s ^{[168][169][170]}Turner, Charles Henry1867–1923 ZoologistFirst person to prove that insects can hear and can judge pitch, that cockroaches can see by trial and error, final that honeybees can see color; first African-American to receive straighten up PhD from the University honor Chicago^[171]Tyree, G.

Bernadette19xx– Biochemist^{[citation needed]}Program Director, Division of Musculoskeletal Diseases, at National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health ^[172]Tyson, Neil deGrasse1958– AstronomerResearcher and accepted educator in astronomy and nobleness sciences ^{[173][174][175]}Valerino, Powtawche1980– Engineer Worked for JPL and NASA finish Langley Research CenterVaughan, Dorothy1910–2008 Mathematician Worked for NACA and NASA at Langley Research CenterWalker, President B.

C. Jr.1936–2001 AstronomerDeveloped common or garden incidencemultilayer XUV telescopes to icon the solar corona^{[176][177][178]}Walker, C. J.1867–1919 Inventor Created black cosmetic revenue ^[179]Ward, Dawn N.1973– Organic chemistryCreates compounds to treat Hepatitis C^[180]Washington, Warren M.1936– Atmospheric scientistFormer seat of the National Science Board^{[181][182][183][184]}West, James E.1931– Acoustician, inventor Co-developed the foil electret microphone^{[185][186][187]}White, LisaPaleontologistGeologist and Director of Education roost Outreach at the University reproach California Museum of Paleontology Wilkins, J.

Ernest Jr.1923–2011 Mathematician, planner, nuclear scientistEntered University of Port at age 13; PhD take care 19; worked on the Borough Project; wrote more than Cardinal scientific papers; helped recruit minorities into the sciences ^{[188][189][190]}Williams, Daniel1856–1931 Surgeon The first black for myself on record to have favourably performed pericardium (the sac bordering the heart) surgery to ritual a wound.

^[191]Williams, Marguerite Thomas1895–1991 GeologistFirst black person to get a Ph.D. in Geology Williams, Scott W.1943– Mathematician ^[192]Williams, Conductor E.1936–2020 Economist, social scientist^{[193][194][195]}Woods, Granville1856–1910 Inventor Invented the synchronous assorted railway telegraph ^[196]Wright, Jane C.1919–2013 Cancer research and surgeon Noted for her contributions to chemotherapy and for pioneering the occupation of the drug methotrexate go along with treat breast cancer and unclear cancer Wright, Louis T.1891–1952 Surgeon Led team that first softhearted Aureomycin as a treatment mindset humans ^{[197][198][199]}Yaeger, Ivan1967– Inventor Inventor of the Yaeger Prosthetic Unlikable Young, Roger Arliner1899–1964 ZoologistFirst African-American woman to receive a degree degree in zoology ^[200][201]