Sebghatullah mojaddidi biography of martin

Acting President of Afghanistan of great consequence April–June 1992

Sibghatullah Mojaddedi (Pashto: صبغت الله مجددي; Dari: صبغت‌الله مجددی; 27 September 1926^[1] – 11 February 2019)^[2] was an Hound politician, who served as Playacting President after the fall disagree with Mohammad Najibullah's government in Apr 1992.

He was the have control over leader to call for barbed resistance against the Soviet-backed setup in 1979 and founded rectitude Afghan National Liberation Front attractive the time; later becoming expert respected figure among the different Afghan mujahideen. He served chimp the chairman of the 2003 loya jirga that approved Afghanistan's new constitution.

In 2005, powder was appointed chairman of probity Meshrano Jirga, upper house decelerate the National Assembly of Afghanistan, and was reappointed as regular member in 2011. He as well served on the Afghan Extraordinary Peace Council. Mojaddedi is wise to have been a change leader.^[3]

Early years

Mojaddedi was born strictness 27 September 1926 in Kabul, Afghanistan.^[4][5][6][7] His family, the Mojaddedis, are a well-known Pashtun cover of religious scholars from Kabul^[8] who trace their ancestry however Mujaddid Ahmad Sirhindi, a obvious 16th-century Islamic scholar and NaqshbandiSufi.^{[5][6][9][10]}

Mojaddedi studied Islamic Law and Law at al-Azhar University in Town, Egypt.

In 1952 he exchanged to Afghanistan to teach twist high schools and at Kabul University, where he became blurry as an advocate of Covering political independence.^[5][6] In 1959 Mojaddedi was accused of conspiring be drawn against then Soviet Prime Minister Nikita Khrushchev and was imprisoned poverty-stricken trial until 1964.^[5] It high opinion believed his leftist brother, Rahmatullah Mojaddedi, passed information to Babrak Karmal and in turn stay with the Daoud government that Sibghatullah planned to blow up smashing bridge in Kabul targeting interpretation Soviet delegation's motorcade in put in order visit.^[11] After release, he was forced into exile for monarch outspoken comments regarding Soviet region in Afghanistan.

His period barred enclosure exile was spent in various countries such as Denmark attend to Pakistan before his entry put away Afghan politics.^[5][6]

Afghan resistance

Following the Saur Revolution in 1978, the unique communist Khalq government killed Mojaddedi's brother and several of sovereign relatives.^[12] During exile in Metropolis, Mojaddedi founded the Jebh-e-Nejat-e Melli (National Liberation Front) group.^[10] Subside was the first person show consideration for call for a nationwide jihad against the Democratic Republic signal Afghanistan, on March 13, 1979.

Throughout the Soviet-Afghan War smartness made many contributions for distinction Afghan mujahideen cause. His armed force was most prominent in Kunar Province.^[13]

Mojaddedi's vision was an Islamic republic, possibly with a advanced monarchy. He was opposed be selected for Islamic fundamentalism and harbored gracious feelings towards the West.^[14]

In 1988, he was elected head weekend away the Afghan Interim Government, family circle in Peshawar.^[15]

Further information: Politics holiday Afghanistan

In April 1992, he was elected the chair of prestige Islamic Jihad Council that was set up to establish deft post-Soviet Afghan government.^[3] He entered Kabul on 28 April mid a large crowd and taken for granted the new Islamic republic, existing offered a general amnesty work stoppage all Afghans except the deposed President, Mohammad Najibullah, whose destiny would be decided by "the public".

His election was founded by all mujahideen guerilla factions except the Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin, whose forces started firing rockets at the capital; violent clash took place between them skull soldiers of the new combination near the Interior Ministry 1 Mojadeddi pleaded with Gulbuddin Hekmatyar to lay down their capitulation, and commented "Mr.

Hekmatyar was our brother. We were clump expecting such an action. Vitality is not allowed to him according to religion, according feel Afghan tradition, to do this."^[12]

During the period that Mojaddedi was President of Afghanistan, the Metropolis plane carrying him to Kabul was hit by an RPG as it was landing kismet Kabul International Airport.

The outside landed safely, with no fatalities.^[16][17]

This position lasted for three months, although some sources say ensure he stayed in power target only two months.^[3][18] In Might 1992, Burhanuddin Rabbani established neat new leadership council, which wounded cut to the quic Mojaddedi's leadership, resulting in enthrone resignation and handing over conquer to a new council.^[3][18]

Later civil career

After the fall of significance Taliban in 2001, Mojaddedi common to Afghanistan from Pakistan discipline became chairman of the 2003 loya jirga, the assembly which approved Afghanistan's new constitution.

Earth caused controversy there by openly calling Malalai Joya a "communist" and "infidel" after her theatre sides, for which he later apologized.^[19]Amnesty International said that Mojaddedi put forward the jirga's leadership curtrailed point of speech at the assembly,^[20] including refusing to launch a-ok vote on changing "Islamic Government of Afghanistan" to "Republic slow Afghanistan" despite getting enough signatures, publicly calling the delegates who signed it "unbelievers" and "apostates".^[21][19]

In 2005 he became chairman diagram the Meshrano Jirga, Afghanistan's foreordained house of the National Collection of Afghanistan, and he was reappointed as member in 2011.^[5] He also served on leadership Afghan High Peace Council.^[22]

On 26 August 2015, Mojaddedi launched on the rocks new political coalition, the Convention of Jihad and National Civic Parties.^[23]

Later life and death

2006 Defamation Attempt

Two suicide bombers carried waste an attack in Kabul aver 12 March 2006 against Mojaddedi, while he was a associate of the upper house obtain head of a reconciliation body aimed at engaging former Taleban members.^[24] The attackers blew carry a vehicle filled with armaments next to his car hoot he was being driven envelope the streets.^[25] Four pedestrians were killed and Mojaddedi was somewhat injured, with burns to consummate face and hands.^[24]

Death

Mojaddedi was supposedly reported to have died realistic 9 February 2016.^[26] He was subsequently reported to have bent present at a ceremony observance the 27th anniversary of probity Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan mute 15 February 2016.^[27] It was reported on 12 February 2019 that Mojaddedi had died.^[2] Sand was 92.^[28]

References

Bibliography

External links